5 Events and Incidents That Never Happened

5 Events and Incidents That Never Happened 5 Events and Incidents That Never Happened 5 Events and Incidents That Never Happened By Mark Nichol Remember when they booed Bob Dylan for going electric at the Newport Folk Festival? And isn’t it disgusting how military personnel returning from serving in the Vietnam War were routinely spat on by antiwar protesters? Those were more or less reprehensible behaviors or they would have been if they had actually occurred. But these incidents, and a few others also outlined below, are all overstated or outright fabricated, loosely based on actual events but bearing little or no resemblance to them. 1. Electric Dylan The accounts that suggest that Bob Dylan was not well received the first time he, backed by members of the Paul Butterfield Blues Band, played live with an electric guitar stemmed from Dylan’s own misperception of the audience reaction and some faulty memories. Some audience members were upset, but only because Dylan’s set was so short. And master of ceremonies Peter Yarrow (of Peter, Paul, and Mary fame), who was said to have been incensed at the sound, was not angered by electrified Dylan but by the poor quality of the amplified sound. Some concertgoers and critics alike did later complain about Dylan, but it was his perceived shift toward more commercial songwriting that caused their ire, with perhaps some confused bandwagon-jumping criticism of his amplification. 2. Spitting on Veterans There were isolated incidences of hostile behavior toward soldiers returning from tours of duty in Vietnam, but their reception was generally very positive. Only later, when antiwar sentiment grew and some veterans traumatized by having fought in a hellish war and doing so on the losing side returned Stateside, did a few of them and their sympathizers begin to embellish these anomalous events and conflate them with isolated nonexpectorating protesters into a frequent and widespread occurrence. 3. Bra Burning In September 1968, in Atlantic City, a group of female protesters symbolically shed their adherence to society’s standards for femininity by tossing bras, girdles, cosmetics, and other beautification accouterments into a garbage can. Though there was supposedly a suggestion that the accumulation be ignited, no bras were burned at this seminal feminist event. Two years later, in Berkeley, California, a similar event that took place did involve combustion, but no widespread bra burning ever took place. (At neither event were bras actually removed and discarded.) One journalist’s metaphorical association of the demonstrators with draft-card burners apparently gave rise to a widespread misunderstanding that numerous such conflagrations occurred. 4. Hats Off It was once widely believed that just as Clark Gable, by not wearing a T-shirt under his dress shirt in the early screwball comedy It Happened One Night, supposedly inspired men to refrain from buying undershirts, with catastrophic results for their manufacturers, John F. Kennedy doomed the chapeau industry by going hatless at his inaugural ceremony. It’s easy to believe that if he did indeed go bareheaded, he was only following, and not precipitating, a trend, because hats were already going out of fashion. However, the entire premise is false: Multiple photographs depict him wearing a silk top hat as part of his formal attire throughout that day. 5. â€Å"Try Acting† Sir Laurence Olivier supposedly derided Dustin Hoffman’s efforts to prepare for the torture scene in the political thriller Marathon Man by going without sleep, asking him, â€Å"Why don’t you try acting?† In truth, Hoffman, whose first marriage was failing while he was filming the movie, showed up on the set one day looking bedraggled after partying at Studio 54. When Olivier, his costar, noticed his condition, Hoffman evasively said he had been staying up all night to get himself in the mind-set for a grueling scene. Olivier did offer the advice â€Å"Why don’t you try acting?† but it was in jest, and they shared a laugh over it. Relation to Writing So, what do these corrections have to do with writing? A great deal, it turns out. These myths and misperceptions were largely perpetuated by writing by people distorting facts in articles, books, and other written accounts of the events, followed by others regenerating the errors. The lesson to be learned is this: When you write about something, be sure you know what you’re writing about. Do not bolster fallacies by blindly accepting what you read or heard. Before incorporating historical events great or small into your fiction or nonfiction, investigate and corroborate. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeWhenever vs. When Ever10 Types of Hyphenation Errors

5 Mixed-Up Malapropisms

5 Mixed-Up Malapropisms 5 Mixed-Up Malapropisms 5 Mixed-Up Malapropisms By Mark Nichol It’s almost impossible to speak or write English without dodging a misnomer or a malapropism at least once in your lifetime. A misnomer (the word is derived from the Latin for â€Å"incorrect name†) is forgivable usually, it’s merely a matter of retaining an obsolete description, as in â€Å"pencil lead† for the graphite used in writing instruments, or referring to the United States as a democracy, when it’s technically a federal republic but a malapropism is a bald sign of carelessness or overreaching for elephants. Eloquence. I meant eloquence. Sometimes, of course, it’s used for comic effect. (That’s where we get the word malapropism. It comes from malapropos, the Latin for â€Å"inappropriate,† entering the English language when playwright Richard Brinsley Sheridan used it as the name of a character who, out of ignorance, uttered humorous inanities.) Here are some examples of malapropisms to avoid: 1. â€Å"Her plans didn’t jive with his ambitions.† Jive means â€Å"to deceive†; the writer meant jibe, â€Å"to coincide†: â€Å"Her plans didn’t jibe with his ambitions.† 2. â€Å"Who was the first Englishman to circumvent the globe?† In one sense, circumvent means â€Å"to go around,† so it superficially works here, but the most common meaning is â€Å"to evade,† so, unless the Englishman was a fugitive astronaut, circumnavigate is the word the writer is looking for: â€Å"Who was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe?† 3. â€Å"In outrage, she responded vehemently to the anti-Semitic epitaphs at the rally.† An epitaph is a commemorative inscription or comment about a deceased person. The correct word is epithets (an epithet, in this context, is an insult): â€Å"In outrage, she responded vehemently to the anti-Semitic epithets at the rally.† (Epithet can also mean a substituting word or phrase such as â€Å"the Father of Our Country† or, in biology, a term in a taxonomic name.) 4. â€Å"I awaited her arrival with baited breath.† Baited means â€Å"lured† or â€Å"teased† (or â€Å"attacked,† â€Å"harassed,† or â€Å"persecuted†). The writer should have written bated (â€Å"withheld†): â€Å"I awaited her arrival with bated breath.† 5. â€Å"I wouldn’t step foot in there if you paid me.† This substitution of step for set is a minor flaw, but the latter word is the standard idiom: â€Å"I wouldn’t set foot in there if you paid me.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Classes and Types of Phrases50 Diminutive Suffixes (and a Cute Little Prefix)

Operation Managment Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Operation Managment Exam - Essay Example The paper that is collected from the scrap of paper production units are known as mill broke and the one that has been thrown out by the consumers are known as consumer waste. In this process the fibre is recycled for further production activity. "Fibre recycling is a specialized process in which office wastepaper is used to produce clean, recycled pulp that can be used to make recycled content paper and paperboards." (The Fibre Recycling Process. Paper Recycling, 2000). A Company might face several problems in the stock preparation plant. The papers that come for recycling are from different grades. The paper may be of news print, the one that is used in the offices, magazine papers that are very shiny, papers with plastic coating on it, and other papers that are coloured highly. In order to make these papers viable for recycling several grading and other process are to be carried on it. The grading process in the Stock preparation is a tedious job as there may be a lot of papers fr om different grades. Several treatments are to be given in order remove the waste materials in the waste papers. Therefore, the stock preparation process consumes more time. This tedious work in the grading process is one of the problems in the stock preparation plant. The next process after the recycling of the paper is the paper making process. The paper making process involves a lot of steps after grading. ... The paper is cut down into smaller pieces so that it mixes properly in the water. The resultant pulp is then cleaned through spinning. This cleaning process throws out the waste materials in the pulp. The ink removal process or de-inking is done in order to remove the colours in the pulp. Next the bleaching process is done in order to make the paper brighter. The resultant pulp is then treated in another machine that makes sheets of papers. The following diagram shows the process involved in the recycling of waste papers. (The Fibre Recycling Process, paper recycling, 2000). One of the problems likely to occur in the paper recycling process is at the de-inking step. The waste papers that are treated may be from different grades. Certain papers are highly colourful. More chemicals are to be used for removing the ink of such papers. This involves high cost. "Papers that are waxed, pasted, or gummed-or papers that are coated with plastic or aluminum foil-are usually not recycled because the process is too expensive." (Recycled paper, recycling paper and glass, 2006). If the cleaning process is not done properly the paper that is produced will contain several waste particles that can be clearly seen. Another major problem is that the paper that is produced after recycling differs very much in quality from that of the virgin paper. If any short fall happens in any of the step the quality of the paper that is produced will be affected by it. In what ways would you expect the recycled products to differ from their conventional counterparts What steps could you take in the production process to minimize these differences The paper that is recycled differs greatly from its conventional counterparts that are the virgin paper.

Representing Visual Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Representing Visual Culture - Essay Example Some scenes showed the factory at Jouey, and others rural scenes of workers relaxing drinking dancing, and womanising. Timorous Beasties have not actually changed much in the Toile concept, but have updated the references from the contemporary urban. The urban landscape in many UK cities seems to be changing all the time, modern buildings have become icons that give us a strong sense of identity, and there fore the London Toile seemed a perfect expression of where we were coming from. This fabric speaks so much about the lifestyle of the romantic, peaceful and carefree London. Printed in the fabric, were green different images of the romantic and carefree lifestyles in contrast to a cream linen which made it more beautiful and attractive. There are 8 images injected to a bright cream fabric, showered with flying and feeding doves were a images of lovers overlooking the Great London Bridge across the lake under the tree infront of bench. It is such a very romantic site which made this fabric perfectly ideal for lovers, designed to fit on sofa sets, love rests or even curtains in a lovers bedroom. Next to this image is the city itself, over... This peaceful and solemn serenity of the scene depicts the mood of the sunset, being ready for a relaxing dinner and sleep on your way to your home. Having this fabric hanged in your living room makes you feel that you are glad to be home with your family, celebrating the union before the end of the

The Legalization of Marijuana Essay Example for Free

The Legalization of Marijuana Essay The legalization of marijuana is one of the many controversial debates in America today. Some people believe that marijuana is a gateway drug and is very harmful, marijuana enthusiast argue that cannabis isn’t harmful and can drastically improve the American economy. â€Å"Marijuana prohibition cost America $7.7 billion dollars a year.†(Head 2012) The legalization of marijuana would avail many people. If marijuana is legalized then the American government could tax it and help pay the U.S. debt also, another benefit of legalizing marijuana is that it can be used for several medicinal purposes, and lastly the legalization of marijuana would save the Americans tax dollars for not having to take care of prisoners who would be arrested dealing with marijuana. Approximately 440,000 people die a year from smoking tobacco products and alcohol poisoning kills 50,000 people annually, while no one dies from smoking marijuana. â€Å"Alcohol and tobacco, though are legal, are for more harmful than marijuana.†(Head 2012) Over 4000 harmful chemicals are in cigarettes that cause countless deaths each year but tobacco is still somehow legal. Many people say that marijuana is a gateway drug but over 60 million people try marijuana, if marijuana was really a gateway drug millions of crack heads and heroin addicts would be running around America right now. Since marijuana is the most popular drug in America of course people who abuse other substances have tried marijuana. America is more than 10 trillion dollars in debt. â€Å"The legalization of marijuana would create another item that could be taxed.† (Messerli 2011) The taxation of marijuana could drastically increase Americas Economy. Over 20 million people in America smoke marijuana on the regular basis. â€Å"A study found that legalizing marijuana and taxing it can produce considerable revenue for America.† (Head 2012) Marijuana is already a major cash crop in the United States and billions of dollars are made from soliciting the drug. If marijuana was taxed then the United States will not have to worry about being in a debt crisis. The government would also make money if marijuana was grown in the United States and sold to other countries around the world. Marijuana is not only used for pleasurable purposes but it also used for medicinal purpose as well. Marijuana can be used for people suffering from many different kinds of sicknesses. Marijuana can be used as a pain reliever; marijuana can also help head trauma victims, stroke victims, and  people who suffer from anxiety or depression. THC is a potent anti-oxidant which doctors rely for stroke and head trauma victims. Cannabis can be used for a cancer patient that is going through chemotherapy; marijuana would act as a nausea reducer which will help the patient be able to eat. If marijuana was legal then more studies would be done to help created more medicinal purposes for the herb. The prohibition on marijuana cost tax payers millions of dollars annually. â€Å"The marijuana prohibition cost 7.7 billion dollars a year.† (Head 2012) Marijuana illegality is helping other countries become wealthier, while the United States is losing money, by importing the substance in to America. The United States government arrest over 700,000 people a year for a charge dealing with marijuana, the money used for taking care of those offenders are coming out of the United States tax payers pocket. Tax payers are throwing away thousands of dollars to feed and shelter people who got arrested for having a plant. â€Å"Marijuana legalization would simplify the development of hemp as a valuable and diverse agricultural crop in the United States, including its development as a new bio fuel to reduce carbon emissions.† (Unknown) The legalization of marijuana could better this world, marijuana has an untapped potential to make everything better in the world. In conclusion, the legalization of marijuana could benefit everyone. If marijuana was legal the United States of America debt would drastically decrease. Also tax payers would have more money in their pockets since they will never have to pay for the marijuana fugitives in prison. If marijuana was studied more then maybe diseases would be cured that people thought would never be cured. It is no reason that marijuana should be illegal since tobacco and alcohol kills thousands a year while marijuana kills none. As Sir Paul McCartney said â€Å"I support decriminalization. People are smoking pot anyway and to make them into criminals is wrong. It’s when you’re in jail you really become a criminal.†

Community Power and Participatory Decision-Making Essay example -- Kar

Critical theory appears unpopular probably because of its ideological bias as claimed by Pease, Form and Rytina (1970). Liebert and Imershein (1977) similarly assert that a common theoretical tendency in community research is a distinctly â€Å"political theme that tends to find the greatest efficacy and power, and indeed the most universal structure of power, to lie in a certain organized diversity, a pluralist state of subsystems within an integrated system of elites† (pp. 191-192). The primary aim of critical theory, as James Bohman (2005) notes, is to thwart oppression. This theory was not only used by incorporating the best tools but more importantly, to critique what is happening within the research context. Since the community studied is Bautista, a resettlement area and which has an existing power structure, a critical analysis and decisional approach were adapted using the case study design to examine the locale. Critical theory questions the structures and it assumes that science is objective and â€Å"value-free†. Its goal is the emancipation of people from domination (Quebral, 1992 as cited in Drilon, 1998). Critical theorists such as Karl Marx and Jà ¼rgen Habermas are critics of unequal social conditions specifically groups that are excluded from power or from free access to information. Thus, critical theorists do more than observe, interpret or describe; they criticize. Looking through the power structure research lens, this theory helped the researcher by asking who benefits from the unequal distribution of power and who are they taking advantage of by focusing on the community issue. In communication, critical scholars have focused on the role of communication in society and on the control of communication... ...cal dimension† of his work (Dreyfus & Rabinow, 1982, p. 114). He claims that power and knowledge are not external to each other, but that they operate in a mutually generative fashion, as â€Å"nothing can exist as an element of knowledge if [...] it does not possess the effects of coercion† and as â€Å"nothing can function as a mechanism of power if it is not deployed according to procedures, instruments, means, and objectives which can be validated in more or less coherent systems of knowledge† (Foucault, 1997, p. 52). Thus, rather than to study knowledge and power separately, is â€Å"the nexus of knowledge power† that needs to be described in order to grasp the acceptability of the knowledge power system (p. 53). One needs to analyze the connections between power and knowledge to find out why a certain â€Å"regime of truth† has become acceptable at a given historical moment.

Quantitative risk assessment Essay

Monte-Carlo simulation is carried out using a large number of computations, using a computer, with random inputs. This method is particularly useful when it comes to â€Å"predicting† the outcome a complex eventuality. Typically, the Monte-Carlo simulation is useful when predicting the outcome of a large number inter-related factors that are â€Å"uncertain†. Predictivity using Monte-Carlo simulation is far more accurate where variables under consideration are many, uncertain and random. For this particular reason, using Monte-Carlo simulation for this study is the best choice as there are many uncertain factors that need to be analyzed for computing a risk assessment. In this study, the first step begins with the production of meat and ends with health effects that meat can probably induce in consuming subjects. There is a large interplay of uncertain factors, and the entire food chain model proposed in the study has inherent variability across most levels. 2. What comment would you make about the source of data used for the concentration of E. coli in cattle feces? Prevalence and concentration of E. Coli in cattle fecal matter was used to assess the level of contamination of the meat. The level of contamination of the meat is a pointer to the probable exposure that a consuming subject could possibly have, to E. Coli. Concentration of E. Coli in cattle fecal matter is directly related to factors like seasonality, geographical properties, and feeding practices. However, the data related to concentration of E. Coli in the cattle fecal matter was constructed without consideration for these factors. Data used for concentration of E. Coli in fecal matter was obtained using enrichment methods. The results show a wide bipolar variation, from as low as undetectable E. Coli levels to as much as 5. 0 log10 CFU/g. The data for prevalence of E. Coli in cattle fecal matter was obtained from previously held studies. However, only data from those studies was used, that primarily aimed at detecting E. Coli prevalence rates in cattle fecal matter for beef that was supposedly slated for human consumption. 3. What comment would you make about the following: †¢ modeling the distribution of feces on carcass as Uniform? Slaughtering invariably causes the fecal matter to come in contact with the meat. Skinning a carcass will lead to contamination of exposed meat due to contact with the hide. Although, fecal matter is the main source of bacterial reservoir, the nature and number of agents that can directly or indirectly participate as contaminating agents is uncertain. However, the concentration of E. Coli in fecal matter is directly proportional to the extent of meat contamination. The distribution of fecal matter on carcass surface is uneven. A dilution factor was used as a model simplification. †¢ modeling fecal contamination only on the carcass surface? As a fact, E. Coli are present in the fecal matter but not inside red meat. Contamination of red meat, therefore, occurs only when fecal matter comes in contact with it. This will usually happen during slaughtering, and the following processes like packaging and trimming. For this reason fecal contamination has been modeled only on the carcass surface. 4. Briefly (less than 500 words), discuss the practicalities and likely success of implementing each of the proposed hypothetical mitigation strategies in the paper. The author has proposed three hypothetical risk mitigation strategies for risk reduction. However, the strategies have been proposed to reduce risk as per mentioned figures, assuming that the strategy is being implemented and the desired goal is being achieved. For instance, the first strategy of regulating storage temperature control norms shows a reduced risk to over 80%. Practically, this strategy can indeed cause a large risk reduction but a protocol will need to be developed that incorporates all the levels of the proposed beef-cold-chain, starting right from the farm to the retailer. Even with a concrete legislature to make sure this strategy works, it needs to be evaluated how far would this strategy prove to be practically enforceable. With definite legislature, a good compliance can be expected out of this strategy and apparently this strategy is far more practicable, and could prove successful. Pre-slaughter screening proposes to reduce risk by over 46%. However, more variables like feeding practices, geographical locations, and seasonal variation (that affect E. Coli fecal load) need to considered, before a definite â€Å"control† level can be instated to rule out slaughters for animals that have more than a certain level of bacterial fecal concentration. The consumer information program, although with a risk reduction of 16%, is certainly a very important level wherein proper intervention can dramatically decrease E. Coli related health morbidity. Even though anticipated risk reduction is only 16%, simple measures like adequate promotional tools, could significantly increase risk reduction through mass communication; the biggest limitation however, is that compliance in this case cannot be ascertained, nor enforceable. Keeping in mind the practical limitations of each of these strategies, a prudent approach would involve application of all the three strategies in conjunct, to ensure greater risk reduction. A good reason for this approach is that due to the uncertain nature of all the factors involved in E. Coli contamination and delivery to consuming host, it appears quite difficult to determine the individual potency of each of these factors, and they would easily remain relative values. ‘Evaluation of MRSA Select, a new chromogenic medium for the detection of nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus’ 1. What is the ‘gold standard’ used to assess the sensitivity and specificity etc. of the different diagnostic tests? The sensitivity and specificity of a particular diagnostic test needs to be estimated before the test under consideration can be employed for practical purposes, to ensure that the results obtained are accurate, and of consequence. A â€Å"gold standard†, hence, is an absolute, against which results from a particular diagnostic test are compared. The gold standard, also called as the standard frame of reference, is a perfect test for the given condition, and is 100% sensitive and specific as well. 2. Is the ‘gold standard’ the same for all of the tests? Within the context of this paper, the gold standard used is same for all the tests. The gold standard used is identification of methicillin resistant S. Aureus, from nasal swabs of patients, confirmed for the mecA gene using PCR. 3. Can the tests be compared in this way? Yes, the tests can be compared this way. The same samples (n) were subjected to different growth mediums, to ascertain the presence of MRSA. All these media were specifically designed to promote the growth of MRSA. Hence, depending on the growths shown by these different media, results can be drawn and compared. 4. Are the authors’ conclusions valid? I think that the author’s conclusions are valid. Although, PCR will remain the gold standard in ascertaining presence of MRSA, the application of this procedure, to remain practically enforceable, is quite limiting. For instance, considering the sheer number of samples that an urban community hospital has to handle on a daily basis, using PCR for all instances may not be feasible all the times. In this circumstance, using simple tissue culture techniques would definitely prove to be more desirable, especially with faster results and low costs; like using the MRSA Select that will give results within 24 hours with a sensitivity and specificity over 99%. Moreover, simplicity of the test requires no complex skill set, especially compared with handling PCR techniques. References 1. Fishman, G. S. (1995). Monte Carlo: Concepts, Algorithms, and Applications. New York: Springer 2. Bell, B. P. , Goldoft, M. , Griffin, P. M. , Davis, M. S. , Gordon, D. C. , Tarr, P. I. , Bartleson, C. A. , Lewis, J. H. , Barret, T. J. , Wells, J. G. , Baron, R. , Kobayashi, J. , (1994). A multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7-associated bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome from hamburgers: the Washington experience. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 3. Vose, D. , (1996). Quantitative risk analysis: A guide to Monte Carlo simulation modelling. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester England. 4. USDA:APHIS:VS. , 1994a. E. coliO157:H7 issues and ramifications. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO. 5. Gehlbach SH. (1993) Interpretation: sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. In: Gehlbach SH, ed. Interpreting the medical literature. New York: McGraw-Hill 6. Apfalter P, Assadian O, Kalczyk A, et al. (2002) Performance of a new chromogenic oxacillin resistance screen medium (Oxoid) in the detection and presumptive identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis;44:209–11. 7. Murakami K, Minamide W, Wada K, Nakamura E, Teraoka, H, Watanabe S. (1991) Identification of methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococci by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol;29:2240–4. 8. Safdar N, Narans L, Gordon B, Maki DG. (2003) Comparison of culture screening methods for detection of nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a prospective study comparing 32 methods. J Clin Microbiol;41:3163–6.

Loving Our Family Essay

As a Catholic, I wish to preserve the values that were instilled in me-those that define a person. It is said that everything starts from our family. They are the one that hour as all the influence that change and lead us where are we now. Our mothers served as our first teachers. Our fathers seemed to be our first ball of our first basketball match. Our brothers and sisters portrayed the role of our first best buddies. Indeed, they are what who made us. We owe them what we are today especially our parents. So first thing, I want to instill in the minds of the next generation, the values of a Filipino family. I thank the Lord for giving me a family that is bounded with love and harmony. I wish every child would honor their mothers and fathers as what Jesus had commanded us. I wish we as a children, would not just look into our parents as mere providers of our needs and pleasures. They are more than a provider of the material entity. They give immaterial things, immortal love and endless sacrifice. How great is our sin if we don’t even at least to make a coffee for them to every morning or offer a meal whenever they are already exhausted or tired with the entire day of work. We only have one chance of having a family, once they are gone, they are gone forever. So let us preserve the closeness of our family or the close family ties we had learned in our country’s culture. Let the next generation enjoy the unconditional love of God through our family.

People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay Essay Example

People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay Essay Example People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay Essay People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay Essay Another cause of poorness in some instances may be divorce or individual parentage. This would be a precipitating cause because together a twosome on two incomes may be able to back up a kid, nevertheless, divided they may non hold the income to supply as they did antecedently. Harmonizing to a survey done in Ottawa, kids in individual parent places are more likely to go destitute, particularly when there was more than one kid life in the place ( Fleury, 2008 ) . In many state of affairss, one parent may hold stayed at place to care for kids and the family, while the other worked, intending that parent would be dependent on the other parent. If a divorce takes topographic point, the dependent parent no longer has the other parent to back up them, and they may non hold employment, doing it really easy for them to fall into poorness. Yet another cause of poorness is dependence, which can be both a precipitating and a perpetuating cause. Addictions can frequently take to loss of employment and abuse of fundss which can convey on and perpetuate the issue of poorness. Lawrence M. Mead says although poorness is non an dependence, it is frequently caused by and causes dependence. Addiction has a definite drip consequence on poorness. If one has an dependence, for illustration, to a drug, it becomes the most of import thing in their life, all their money goes to buying the drug, all their clip is devoted to hiting and making drugs, which means, they may non travel to school or work, or their behaviour causes them to be dismissed, intending they have no agency for an income. The nut s income would travel towards drugs, and non other demands, or they would non hold an income at all, go forthing them in poorness. Last, a cause of poorness is frequently debt and hapless debt direction. It is possible to populate with some debt and non hold to populate in poorness, nevertheless if debt is non managed decently and becomes more than one is capable of covering with, it can take to poverty. Four million Americans would fall below the federal poorness line if the involvement they pay on their recognition cards and other consumer debts were subtracted from their incomes says a San Francisco Chronicle article. These people are called the debt hapless ( Abate, 2009 ) . These people, although they may non look like the stereotyped hapless, they technically do non hold the agencies to obtain the necessities of life and, at some point are faced with bankruptcy and the loss of their place. Microsystem Consequences A microsystem effect of poorness is low self-esteem. It is obvious kids populating in poorness have problem purchasing the latest tendencies, their parents may non drive the nicest auto or drive a auto at all, possibly they do non hold a washer and drier and so sometimes they have to travel without clean apparels for a period. Their parents can non afford to set them in music lessons or subscribe them up for athleticss squads. Some kids, who are resilient would non allow this halt them from being confident, nevertheless, non all kids understand that they are non on a flat playing field, so to talk and believe that it is a failing in themselves and non unfairness within the system and experience that their personal worth is straight related to their fiscal worth. A kid with the tools to win is more likely to win and if they win, they become more confident, doing them more likely to take more hazards, with a likeliness of wining once more and increasing their assurance more. In some in stances, kids in poorness deficiency those tools, or have to work harder for them, intending they do non win as frequently, diminishing their self-pride ( Eric J. Marsh, 2010 ) . Bullying is another effect of poorness that frequently goes along with low self-pride. Children in poorness are frequently bullied. Harmonizing to a survey done in the UK, low-income kids are frequently the mark of strong-arming in wealthier countries, because of their socio-economic position ( Branigan, 2007 ) . One in 13 kids in an international survey of 35 states and more than 162 000 kids reported strong-arming due to their socio-economic position. The unfairness among striplings from low socio-economic backgrounds puts them at a greater hazard for strong-arming. Teenss that are from schools and populating in states where there is a bigger spread between socio-economic groups are at higher hazard of being bullied. Poverty besides has a immense impact on kids s physical development. One in 10 Canadians is affected by nutrient insecurity which has a correlativity to hapless wellness ( Kirkpatrick, 2008 ) . Without proper diet, kids will miss the foods they need to develop optimally, and may even go over or under weight. Studies show kids with a balanced diet are ill less frequently than kids with hapless nutrition ( Kirkpatrick, 2008 ) . Families may non be able to afford medical disbursals or interventions that would forestall their kid from unwellness or decrease the effects of an unwellness or hurt, doing damage. Besides, parents in low-income places may happen it more hard to afford necessary fixs in the family that would guarantee their kid s safety. Pregnant female parents populating in poorness besides pose a hazard, if they are non able to afford equal prenatal attention. Poverty has an impact on mental wellness, every bit good. Children from low socio-economic backgrounds were more than twice as likely to endure from anxiousness and depression as their opposite numbers from better socio-economic positions ( Mark Lemstra, 2008 ) . Children from low-income households, non merely have the normal emphasis a kid would hold, many destitute kids are cognizant of their households adversities and have developed anxiousness about measures and debts and nutrient security, and feelings of hopelessness about their state of affairss and deficiency positive feelings of dignity. Besides impacting physical and mental wellness, societal development is besides a effect of poorness. Poverty has an impact on the development of societal accomplishments in kids. Children life in poorness frequently have poorer linguistic communication accomplishments and less developed get bying accomplishments, which in bend impacts the quality of their relationships with equals ( Lisa Fiorentino, 2004 ) . Children life in poorness besides have less chance for societal interaction due to the fact they are non able to afford to be portion of extra-curricular groups that help develop societal accomplishments and promote peer relationships. Without the money to afford the same societal chances kids in low-income places are non able to develop societal accomplishments as easy, so poorness is a definite impact on societal development. Cognitive damage has besides been cited as a effect of poorness. Harmonizing to research, kids who are malnourished will endure cognitive lacks and kids populating in poorness are more likely to be malnourished than those who are in-between category or affluent. Besides, kids who are hapless are less equipt to research their environment significance they are non having the same mental stimulation or their environment is less stimulating ( Brown, 1996 ) . Parents are besides less able to afford to set their kids in activities or purchase things like books and computing machines that would assist excite cognitive development. Therefore, there are assorted grounds why poorness has an influence on cognitive development including malnutrition, and deficiency of chance for mental stimulation. Another unfortunate effect of poorness is abuse and disregard. Harmonizing to research from the NSPCC: adult females from hapless childhood places were twice every bit likely to hold suffered maltreatment or disregard ( 77 per cent versus 38 per cent ) , and the association was even more dramatic with multiple signifiers of maltreatment, with a treble addition: 45 per cent of those from hapless childhood places had experienced more than one signifier of maltreatment compared with 15 per cent who had experienced no poorness. ( NSPCC, 2008 ) Poverty can set a batch of emphasis and strain on households doing parents more susceptible to going culprits and kids more vulnerable and likely to be victimized. Lack of resources besides makes it more hard to supply kids with their basic demands, which does non ever represent an allegation of disregard, nevertheless, if the parent is utilizing child public assistance revenue enhancement and child support for personal usage and non to supply for the kid it is neglect. Poverty can besides impact one s personal values and beliefs. Children s values and beliefs are affected by their socio-economic position. From personal experience, being really hapless turning up, I had a certain paradigm. I believed that affluent people were the enemy and that they did non value me because I was hapless. I besides did non value instruction really much because I did non believe I would hold the chance to travel to college or university, because my parents could non afford to assist me pay for it. I learned non to value money and do with less. Family was of import to me, since I spent so much clip at place, due to the fact I could non afford to be in any lessons or on athleticss squads. It is obvious a kid from a hapless place compared to a household from a affluent place would hold a really different mentality on life. Mesosystem Causes Lack of resources is a precipitating cause of poorness. There is a deficiency of low-cost lodging and deficiency of services available to battle poorness and to help those in poorness, particularly for new immigrants coming to Canada. There are non plenty services available to assist new Canadians adjust, to assist them upgrade instruction, to happen occupations and low-cost places and to larn the linguistic communication so they can win at their occupation and at school. In some more rural countries there is no ESL plan offered. Besides, the complicated signifiers and waitlists mean people in demand of poorness alleviation may non acquire aid for months ( Canadian Council on Social Development, 2010 ) . Loss of employment is a precipitating cause of poorness, every bit good. Loss of a occupation sometimes non merely means loss of fiscal support from an employer, it besides means loss of insurance. Meaning medical and dental attention, house fix, auto fix are non covered, so households do without or are put further in debt by holding to pay for medical or fix measures. If a household has no income it is hard to supply necessities for one s household, and if the low-income cut-off is more than 50 % of income is spent on necessities, than anyone who is unemployed or whose partner is unemployed will probably suit that standards ( Statistics Canada, 2010 ) . Mesosystem effects A microsystem effect of poorness was child maltreatment and disregard, so it is apparent so, that on a mesosystem degree there is a effect which affects Children s Aid Societies. CAS woks with households to assist acquire them on path and acquire support that they may non otherwise be able to afford for their kid. Harmonizing to OACAS, many of the kids utilizing their services are populating in poorness ( Laurie Monseebaaten, 2008 ) . Poverty is a cover job which is the cause and effect of many of the things CAS trades with on a regular footing, frequently times to cover with these other jobs they provide households with services that deal with poorness. Another large effect of poorness is that it affects the kid s school experience. In some instances kids go to school in a poorer vicinity and so their equals are hapless, but rather frequently hapless kids go to schools where there is socio-economic inequality. This, in some instances affects them more as it makes the kids more loath to accept aid financially to pay for field trips or athleticss squads. They lose out on larning chances because of their poorness. They besides have a more hard clip wining in school because they may non hold entree to computing machines or books necessary to assist them larn and complete school work, and because they may hold occupations outside of school to assist them battle the poorness, go forthing them less clip for their school work ( Sands, 2007 ) . Poverty is a large barrier to wellness attention, even in Canada. Although initial health care is free. The cost of medicine, oculus attention and dental attention is still excessively expensive for some people to afford. For illustration, there is a intervention for AIDS nevertheless, it is excessively expensive for persons to purchase, but the pharmaceutical companies will non administer it for free or at a lesser cost because they do non wish to lose net income ( UNFPA, 2009 ) . Because dental attention, oculus attention and medicine are for the most portion, non every twenty-four hours needs, most people populating in poorness go without it. Another effect of poorness is that churches are involved in poorness alleviation around the universe. Religious groups are the figure one beginning of charitable financess donated in Canada and advocators for the hapless harmonizing to the World Council of Churches ( World Council of Churches, 2011 ) . Churchs are really involved locally and internationally with the battle against poorness, they work on all degrees of bar, primary, secondary and third. They support the development of micro concerns for adult females in Indian as a primary bar, they work with Canadian Food Grains Bank to administer nutrient as a secondary bar and they work in soup kitchens and assist people locally who come into acquire support as a third bar. ( McLennan, 2011 ) . A effect of poorness is the inability to afford to set kids into extracurricular activities and segregation in extracurricular activities. This has effects in itself, but in general, the high cost of music and dance lessons and athleticss squads means that kids are non able to take part, or are segregated to specific activities that are more low-cost. Recently, there has been offered a revenue enhancement interruption for parents of kids on athleticss squads, which has alleviated some of the emphasis put on parents to let their kids to take part, nevertheless, some parents still struggle to set their kids in activities, some of which are hard to acquire to if parents do non hold dependable transit. Having kids in extracurricular activities is besides a primary preventive step for forestalling kids from acquiring involved in offense, so parents in poorness who can non afford to set their kids in athleticss or pay for some sort of art lessons may besides hold to endure another effect of poorness, which is holding their kids involved in offense. Crime is another effect of poorness for a figure of grounds. Families may steal nutrient to supplement what small they have, kids and young person may steal things they want that they can non afford, parents and kids may acquire involved with covering drugs or fraud to supplement their income. A survey done in the U.S. besides shows that the jurisprudence is more indulgent to flush wrongdoers giving them small or no gaol clip compared to poorer wrongdoers ( Reiman, 1995 ) . Another effect of poorness is that households are segregated to specific vicinities and attend specific schools depending on their income. Rarely when low-income lodging is built is it merely one house in a comparatively flush vicinity, most low income lodging is built in blocks ; townhouses or flats and there is frequently more than one in a vicinity. Therefore, that peculiar vicinity is stigmatized as being the hapless vicinity . Peers are all from similar socio-economic backgrounds, schools in the vicinity are frequently overpoweringly populated by low-income kids ( Fleury, 2008 ) . Exosystem Causes A perpetuating cause of poorness is deficiency of authorities support for poorness alleviation. For people already populating in poorness if they can non acquire sufficient aid to assist them out of poorness, it means they remain at that place longer. Any societal aid one may have is hardly adequate to populate on so these people are still merely doing terminals meet. Without the chance to salvage some money people will go on populating paycheque to paycheque and if there is an exigency it may set more fiscal strain on them, because they did non hold plenty to populate on to get down with and they are put into debt. Another perpetuating cause of poorness among immigrants in Canada is the transit loans. Refugee households come to Canada, trusting for a better life, the Canadian authorities is sort adequate to loan them money for travel disbursals, which are really dearly-won. However, they are expected to pay this loan back within a really brief window of clip, maintaining in head that what small money they came with has been put towards happening a topographic point to populate and they may non even have a occupation yet ( Canadian Council for Refugees, 2010 ) . Unfortunately, this is of small concern to the authorities, so these people must fight both with being able to back up themselves in a new state and with paying back debt, perpetuating their poorness. Next, the cost of life in Canada has a great impact on poorness and is a precipitating effect. This is a cause more frequently attributed to developed states. The mean cost of rent in Toronto is between $ 775 and $ 895 for a 1 sleeping room flat, the cost of food markets for a month is about $ 100 a month and the cost of telephone services is about $ 23 a month ( Fast Facts, 2006 ) . With merely those disbursals, the cost of life for a month can be more than $ 1000, nevertheless, a individual employed full-time ( 40 hrs/wk ) at lower limit pay ( $ 10.25 ) makes less than twice that, intending significantly more than half of their income goes towards necessities of life. Finally, a perpetuating cause for poorness among kids is the disagreement in the Low-Income Cut-off with respects to what necessities are. It observes the demand for vesture, shelter and nutrient ; nevertheless, it does non take into history a kid s demand for societal and emotional development and scholastic success, which may come from appropriate child care, engagement in extracurricular activities and the purchase of school supplies. Without these things it is much more hard to win in school and life, intending less stable employment, which in bend consequences in go oning the rhythm of poorness. Exosystem Consequences One of the effects of poorness is how people view those on societal aid. There is the common stigma that people on societal aid are mistreating the system and that they are merely lazy and do non wish to acquire a occupation, nevertheless that is non ever the instance. In some instances, the receiver of societal helper is person who was a dependent and did non work or could non work and for a assortment of grounds had to go forth that dependent state of affairs and needed fiscal support, but was non able to happen a occupation instantly ( Pulkingham, 2011 ) . The portraiture of poorness in media is a effect has a effect on how poorness is viewed. The media has created this stereotype of the hapless stripling. They are ever from the incorrect side of the paths, engage in immoral behavior, acquire into a batch of battles and neer excel in school or they are portrayed as soiled street kids. For illustration, in the film Slums of Beverly Hills, the characters are a hapless household who must invariably travel to avoid paying rent ; the immature female is non interested in school and is really promiscuous ( Jenkins, 1998 ) . Obviously, this inaccurate portraiture of poorness does non assist with a kid s self-esteem or to cut down intimidation or promote impoverished young person that they are capable of accomplishing great things. Another myth that has become the effect of how people view poorness is the myth that people who use soup kitchens and nutrient Bankss are stateless or idle, when in world many of the people accessing these installations are working hapless, who have occupations, and possibly a place. They may be able to pay their rent, but their income is non sufficient plenty to afford equal nutrient. Close to 7 million workers earn less than $ 20 000 per annum and 40 % of destitute kids live in households where at least one parent is employed full-time twelvemonth unit of ammunition. Parents have kids to care for and sometimes that means they need to supplement their repasts with nutrient from a nutrient bank or repasts from a soup kitchen to do certain their kids are fed ( Poor No More, 2009 ) . Next, a effect of how people view poorness is the myth that hapless kids are less intelligent and non every bit successful as affluent kids. Although there is grounds that poorer kids are more likely to fight in school and that they will go on the rhythm of poorness and that poorness is a hazard factor for lower IQ, this is non ever the instance. Truly, this depends on resiliency. The more resilient and determined a kid is, the more likely they will get the better of their fortunes and excel in school and in life ( Lisa Fiorentino, 2004 ) . Although they may non hold the same resources as a affluent kid, every bit long as they have a good support system and the finding to win no affair what obstacles are placed in forepart of them, they will interrupt free from that stereotype. Yet another myth that exists is that hapless people are ever looking for press releases. This is really really inaccurate ; frequently households remain in poorness because they are excessively proud to inquire for aid which could be a perpetuating cause of poorness as good. Besides, though they are hapless they are far from incapacitated. Many people would be happy to offer their accomplishments or work in return for support and would experience more fulfilled making so ( Poor No More, 2009 ) . Some recognition and intervention as an equal is frequently what the hapless are looking for, non merely trim alteration. The concluding myth that exists in our society is that poorness merely happens in Africa, this. The overpowering sum of support and promotion the poorness afflicted continent receives is animating, nevertheless, serving the local hapless does non look about every bit of import to people. When we look at the private assistance traveling abroad to alleviate poorness and the sum of sponsorship and acceptance of kids in developing states, it is significantly more that what is received locally. Fifteen per cent of Canadian kids are populating in poorness ; that is about 100 thousand kids ( Fleury, 2008 ) . 100 1000 kids who need aid, but are overlooked for kids in developing states. Poverty does go on in Canada. Macrosystem Causes A precipitating cause of poorness that has been extremely publicized in recent old ages is the economic system. Canada, along with about the full remainder of the universe has felt the impact of an economic depression which has inflated monetary values, caused occupation loss and created a immense inflow of people into societal aid. As antecedently discussed, cost of life, occupation loss and deficiency of resources are causes of poorness ; an economic depression is the cause of all three, doing poorness an issue on a supranational graduated table. Third universe authoritiess are obligated to vie with each other and with more dominant, developed states. To pull investors, destitute states attempt to supply cheaper resources, goods and labor. This has merely increased poorness ( Shah, 2011 ) . So, the economic system has been an international cause of poorness. Additionally, war is a precipitating cause of poorness. War causes huge devastation and costs 1000000s of dollars. There is devastation to systems such as societal services and wellness attention and resources are diluted and redirected from poorness alleviation to keeping the war, every bit good as physical harm to edifices and properties. This consequently consequences in poorness

How to Talk About the Parts of the Body in Italian

How to Talk About the Parts of the Body in Italian While chatting about body parts isn’t something that’s often a part of small talk, the necessity of knowing body part of Italian vocabulary pops at the most unexpected times. Besides the typical doctor situation, it comes up in many Italian proverbs, when describing physical characteristics of a person, and in famous children’s songs. Head, Shoulders, Knees Toes Below you’ll find an extensive list of body parts in the singular form along with examples to demonstrate the various ways to use your newfound vocabulary in real life. ankle la caviglia arm il braccio armpit lascella artery larteria body il corpo bone losso brain il cervello calf il polpaccio chest il torace collarbone la clavicola elbow il gomito finger il dito foot il piede hand la mano heart il cuore heel il calcagno hip lanca index finger lindice knee il ginocchio larynx la laringe leg la gamba middle finger il medio muscle il muscolo nail lunghia nerve il nervo pinkie il mignolo rib la costola ring finger lanulare shoulder la spalla skin la pelle spine la spina dorsale stomach lo stomaco thumb il pollice vein la vena wrist il polso When you change some of the body parts from the singular into the plural form, they might seem strange at first because they don’t follow the regular rules of the ending of a feminine, plural word ending in the letter -e or a masculine, plural word ending in the letter -i. Per esempio L’orecchio (ear) becomes le orecchie (ears)Il braccio (arm) becomes le braccia (arms)Il dito (finger) becomes le dita (fingers)Il ginocchio (knee) becomes le ginocchia (knees) Esempi Mi fa male lo stomaco. - My stomach hurts.Ho mal di testa. - I have a headache.Ho la testa altrove. - My head is somewhere else; I’m not focused.Siamo nelle tue mani. - We’re in your hands; We’re trusting you.L’hai visto? Ha gli addominali a tartaruga! - Did you see him? He has six-pack abs!Devo farmi le unghie. - I need to do my nails; I need to get a manicure.Sei cosà ¬ rosso in viso! - You’re so red in the face!; You’re blushing.Ho un ginocchio messo male. - I have a bad knee. Finally, here are a few proverbs with body parts: Alzarsi con il piede sbagliato – To get up with the wrong foot; idiomatic meaning: to get up on the wrong side of the bed Stamattina, mi sono svegliato/a con il piede sbagliato e finora ho avuto una giornataccia! - This morning I got up with the wrong foot and since then I’ve had such a bad day! Non avere peli sulla lingua – To have no hairs on the tongue; idiomatic meaning: to speak frankly Lui sempre dice cose sprezzanti, non ha davvero peli sulla lingua! - He always says rude things, he truly doesn’t have any hair on the tongue! Essere una persona in gamba/essere in gamba – To be a person in leg; idiomatic meaning: to be a really great, upstanding person Lei mi ha sempre aiutato, à ¨ veramente una persona in gamba. – She’s always helped me, she’s really a good person.

Project Management and its usage in cost and time mitigation Dissertation

Project Management and its usage in cost and time mitigation - Dissertation Example This research will begin with the statement that the construction industry is generally recognized as a vast, complex and diverse sector. It’s further complicated by the huge number of employees working for this sector. The sector suffers from noticeable differences in the areas of internal organizational structure, training and development techniques and various government policies running this industry across the globe. An estimated number of 35000 employers exist in the present construction sector and the number of employees stands near 330120. The industry showcases some unique traits that are different from other sectors, which includes †¢ Large size of the networks used within the industry- It is an important sector of the economy which produces buildings, roads, bridges, airports etc. which in turn are used for further business purposes by the economy. Again, the end product of various other firms like cement, stone, steel, wood etc. are used by the construction sector for delivering its ultimate product. Therefore, this sector has a link with each and every sector of the economy and the networks it maintains are wide and complicated. †¢ Government as a customer- In most of the countries, the government acts as the direct client of the construction sector and assigns them with projects for various urban and rural development programs. In countries like Singapore 87% of the citizens live at public residence where the government plays a vital role in developing housing projects. Expensive products- The construction sector is characterized by the production of expensive goods which are not possible to purchase without preplanning. Generally people spend almost all their saving in purchasing their dream house or setting up their own business. For this purpose, this sector has close relationship with the financial industry. Nowadays, the Real Estate firms are tying up with banks and other financial institutions to provide easy access to loans and other benefits to their customers. Immobility of the products- It is the unique feature of this sector that it produces goods which are fixed to the land. This feature limits its chances for export and showing the customer a pre-fabrication sample. When the project is started, it’s impossible for the firm to change or modify the work process in the midterm. Labor Intensive- This industry

Loreal Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Loreal - Case Study Example Therefore, expansion became and necessity and acquisitions were the means to achieve this. Acquisitions allowed L’Oreal to operate globally, becoming part of the global economy. L’Oreal’s growth strategy was to acquire smaller companies that dealt in cosmetics and other beauty products, after which the acquired products would be assimilated and expanded from within the parent company. Acquisitions meant that the brands could be taken globally, benefiting L’Oreal’s overall brand portfolio. L’Oreal established that they lacked a competitive advantage over American rivals due to their shortage of resources in the cosmetics sector. Therefore, the cosmetics sector was a form of opportunity that would enable them to increase their returns beyond the average mark. Hence, improving the cosmetics portfolio was a major motivation for acquiring foreign cosmetics companies. The adoption began with company developed brands such as Club des Createurs de Beaute, L’Oreal Paris, L’Oreal Professional and Kerastase. L’Oreal adopted Garnier and Lancome Paris in the 1960s. In the 1980’s L’Oreal consumed popular American brands such as Redken, SoftSheen-Carson, Matrix, and Maybelline (which needed reinstallation). L’Oreal also strengthened its French brands by acquiring Ralph Lauren Fragrances, which enabled it to increase its international brand portfolio for customers of various demands and preferences. In the year 2000, L’Oreal acquired Kiehl’s, a company that dealt in high quality, expensive and highly demanded luxurious products. Kiehl’s was deemed a valuable acquisition that added authenticity to L’Oreal’s luxury collection. It also enabled L’Oreal to capture more opportunities in the Consumer Division. Due to its core competencies such as its R&D function and advertising campaigns, L’Oreal was able to reinstate Maybelline and many other smaller acquisitions, enabling it to develop a more attractively priced product that captured